Giro D'italia Information
The Giro d'Italia (Tour of Italy), also simply known as The Giro, is a long distance road bicycle racing stage race for professional cyclists held over three weeks in May/early June in and around Italy. It is one of the three Grand Tours (the others being the Tour de France and the Vuelta a España), and is part of the UCI World Ranking calendar.
Contents |
History
1908-1909: The Creation and First Edition
Like the Tour de France, the Giro d'Italia was born from competition between two Italian newspapers. Indeed, La Gazzetta dello Sport wanted to distance itself from its competitor, the Corriere della Sera (organizer of the Giro d'Italia and projecting vehicle also create a cycling tour) by holding its own sporting event inspired by the Tour de France. Thus, August 7, 1908, La Gazzetta under the leadership of its founder Eugenio Camillo Costamagna, its director Armando Cougnet and its editor Tullio Morgagni, announces the creation of a first Giro d Italy to be held in 1909. Nevertheless, the Corriere della Sera in a spirit of fair play over plans to offer the winner a bonus of 3,000 lire.
May 13, 1909 at 2:53 am, the 127 riders in the first Giro d'Italia in the history of darts rondeau of Loreto Milan for 8 stages to join Milan after crossing a large part of Italy representing a total of 2448 km. On arrival, it was the Italian Luigi Ganna who won the race, as only 49 riders finish, with an average of 27.26 km / h ahead including the French Lucien Petit-Breton, winner the Tour de France in 1907 and 1908, forced to retire. It touches on his victory a reward of 5,325 lire[1] and the last on the list of 300 lire a reward, a fortune for the time. This first edition was also marked by a very significant popularity especially characterized by the presence of an extremely dense crowd when happened to Milan.
Luigi Ganna, the first winner of the Giro1910-1924: Italian Confirmation
During this period (and until 1950 with the victory of the Swiss Hugo Koblet), the ranking of the Giro was exclusively Italian. Regarding stage victories, Stage 2 of the 1910 Giro d'Italia was the first to see a non-Italian win in the person of French Jean-Baptiste Dortignacq. In 1912, the ranking was done by teams and saw again the Italians win by Atala's team (best team already in 1910). Of the 107 stages of the 11 routes, 102 were won by Italian riders and it will be 1919 to see the first non-Italian podium in the Giro, in the person of Belgian Marcel Buysse then. Two firsts also occurred during this period: in 1911 Carlo Galetti became the first rider to win two consecutive Giro and the same year, Milan was neither the city nor the city of departure of arrival giving way to Rome to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the unification of Italy.
1925-1935: The Binda Age
Nicknamed the "climber sitting", Alfredo Binda won his first Giro in 1925 by winning the 6 stage when he was only 23 years. The following year, he won six stages out of the twelve possible, but he ended up losing to Giovanni Brunero (3rd place the previous year) who became the first rider to win three Giro d'Italias.
Binda takes his revenge by 1927 where he crushed the Giro, winning 12 of the 15 stages that compose (a record still unmatched) leaving Brunero second to more than 27 minutes. As did Costante Girardengo in 1919, Binda remains overall leader of the first to the last stage. Binda also won the first Men's Road Race at the 1927 Road World Championships the same year.
In 1928 he was untouchable and won his third Tour, tying Giovanni Brunero. He won six out of the twelve stages, while the eighth stage was won by his brother, and teammate, Albino Binda. The 1928 edition of the Giro d'Italia was also the one that gathered the largest number of participants (298 at start). The following year he became the first rider to win his 4 Giro by winning eight consecutive stages! However, competition was organized and gaps in the overall decrease (4 runners finish within 10 minutes Binda).
Alfredo Binda, five time winner of the GiroIn 1930, the organizers get tired of its rule absolute and offered him 22,500 lire (more than the premium for the winner) ... not to run for and preserve the interests of the race! the latter accepts leaving the victory that was promised to him Luigi Marchisio which, on top of its 21 years, became the youngest winner of the Giro (which will record beaten 1940 by Fausto Coppi). Binda consoles himself that year by winning his second title of World Champion and two stages in the 1930 Tour de France for its unique contribution.
He returned to 1931 for the 20 Giro. The latter was particularly marked by the appearance of pink jersey (Maglia rosa) of overall leader. Its color was modeled on that page to La Gazzetta dello Sport. The Italian Learco Guerra, winner of the 1st}} {{stage of the Tour (he won 4 total in 1931) will be the first to wear it. For his return on Italian roads, Binda won and took the pink jersey by winning the third and fourth stages, but suffered a fall in the vicinity of Racecourse Villa Glori in Stage 7 linking Rome in Perugia, which forced him to abandon the day after leaving the victory to Francesco Camusso (winner of a stage) which becomes the first rider in history to bring the Giro pink jersey in Milan.
The 1932 Giro was a disappointment for Binda. He finished only 7 to 19 minutes of Antonio Pesenti, winner of the event, which ends at 4 instead of the 1932 Tour de France the same year. Hermann Buse, winner of the second stage became the first non-Italian to take the pink jersey, he lost it after the seventh stage profit of Pesenti.
1933 marks a turning point for the test with the appearance of King of the Mountains Classification and cons of the first la individual time trial during the 13 stage between Bologna and Ferrara 62km long which was won by Binda. In addition, the tour consists of 17 stages (cons a dozen usually) closing in the format "Grand Tour" today. Unlike last year, the Giro was dominated again by Binda returned to top form by winning the overall, King of the Mountains Classification, and 6 stages from 13 days in rose.
He returned favorite 1934 but was forced to retire during the 6 stage after a fall and after being wounded by a pedal and then hit by a motorcycle Police.[2] This 22 edition was dominated by Learco Guerracalled the locomotivewhich won the overall and 10 of the 17 stages. However, Francesco Camusso ended just 51 seconds overall after losing his pink jersey in the race against the individual time trial. The 1935 will be the last of Alfredo Binda at the age of 32 years and the first hope of a young 20 years: Gino Bartali. Binda shall leave the Giro, finishing 16 to 31 minutes Vasco Bergamaschi anecdotal winner overall. The young Bartali won him the respect to {e} {6} stage and the King of the Mountains Classification. The succession of Binda remains to establish the approach of the edition of 1936. It will go down in history as the Giro's first rider to win five Giro d'Italia's (a record since equaled but never broken) by winning 41 stages (only Mario Cipollini will do better with 42 stage wins ).
1936-1953: The Bartali-Coppi Dual
Fausto Coppi, five times winner of the GiroIn 1936, the hierarchy has to be rebuilt after the departure of Binda. Learco Guerra winner 1934 must abandon after breaking his arm. A L'Aquila Gino Bartali won his second victory on the Giro's pink jersey is the endorses it will strengthen by winning two stages. He won at age 21 and his first Giro d'Italia and his second King of the Mountains Classification in a row.
Bartali recidivism by winning both rankings 1937. The 1937 Giro d'Italia was the first composed of 23 stages for a total of 3840 km and the first to use the roads of the Dolomite[3] which made the reputation of the Giro, the Passo di Costalunga and Passo Rolle. That will be Gino Bartali that crosses in front and win the big mountain stage of the Dolomite.
Hugo Koblet, the first foreigner to winThe following year, he did not participate in the Giro to focus on Tour de France that he will win. That fellow Giovanni Valetti thing.
Back on the 1939 Bartali and Giovanni Valetti confronts on the road. They won all two 4 wins, but finally Valetti who won for the second consecutive year after getting the pink jersey at the end of the 16 on 17 stages of this Giro. The climbs of the Passo Pordoi and Falzarego are also emerging in mind both climbed by Bartali[4] 100.
In 1940 Bartali surrounds himself in his team Legnano a young Italian than 20 years, Fausto Coppi. He took advantage of a fall of its leader to take power and shine in the 11 stage which will inform the general public. Coppi made the difference over its rivals in the rise of Abletone and after 100 km win moved alone allowing it to take the pink jersey.[5] Despite two wins in Stage 17 and 19, Bartali will return Coppi leaving him the overall victory but consoling himself with the King of the Mountains Classification.
The World War II interrupts the Giro of 1941 to 1945 thus curbing the ambitions of Bartali to equal the record of Binda. Coppi was mobilized on the forehead Tunisia and Bartali moved to Vatican alongside the pope Pius XII.[6]
After 5 years of waiting, the Giro back in 1946 on the roads devastated by war. Coppi Bartali Rivalry-dividing Italy: the first, known as Gino the Pious, was the favorite of the Christian Democrats while the latter was revered by the left and progressives. The epic duel saw the victory of Bartali with only 47 seconds ahead of her rival. This edition was also marked by clashes between activists in favor of the annexation of Trieste to Yugoslavia and Italian police disrupt the stages of the Giro.
Coppi took his revenge the following year by winning the 1947 Giro d'Italia to Bartali
In 1948 Coppi ahead of Bartali in the Dolomites but withdrew from the Giro with his team after the 17 result the case Magni. Indeed, it was suspected by the team of Coppi to have received improper assistance on the mountain. Juries inflicting a 2 minute penalty but, for Coppi and his team it was not enough, outraged, they withdraw from the Giro d'Italia leaving the victory to Fiorenzo Magni which carries only 11 seconds Ezio Cecchi, thus forming the smallest gap ever recorded in the Giro's history.[7]
Fausto Coppi returns to his best form in 1949 where he won his 3 Giro equalizing its rival. It shines especially at the 17 stage remained in the legend where he crosses the solo Col de Larche, the Col de Vars, the Col d'Izoard the Col de Montgenevre and Sestriere, representing more than 190 miles of escape, and he finished the stage with nearly 12 minutes on Bartali.[8] The Italian writer Dino Buzzati then special envoy of the Corriere della Sera wrote about the victory of Coppi < ref name = "Giro d'Italia" />:
There is something moving in this slender young man who rides the mountains, one after another, with nothing but the beating of his heart.
1950 was a first in the history of the Giro d'Italia with the victory of the first foreigner in the person of Swiss Hugo Koblet (nicknamed "the peddler charming") to Bartali. Coppi suffered a fall in the 9 the}} {{stage fractured pelvis depriving him of any chance of victory.[9]
After the second victory of the Giro Fiorenzo Magni in 1951 Coppi returns thanks to 1952 and 1953 winning her 4 and {5} {e} Giro d'Italia (especially in challenging Hugo Koblet in the snowy peaks of the Stelvio in 1959) and tying the record of Alfredo Binda. The 1952 edition of the Giro d'Italia was saddened by the death of Italian rider who crashed Orfeo Ponsin against a tree in the fourth stage, as he approached a bend.[10]
1954-1967: The Italian Reign Challenged
From 1954, the Giro smiled at least Coppi. The Swiss Carlo Clerici won the 37th edition carrying a Swiss doubled with Hugo Koblet {2} {e}. This edition was marked by a strike by riders during the stage between Bolazno and St. Moritz transforming the stage into a 222 km walk 10 hours! However, the reason for the strike, the platoon house, still unknown to this day.[11] For his last Giro Bartali end to the 13 taking place and leave the Tour with 3 pink jersey, 7 King of the Mountains Classification, and 17 stages.
Fiorenzo Magni won his third Giro in 1955, finishing only 13 seconds ahead of Coppi. This will shine more in the Giro and died in 1960, the end of an era. In this edition, Raphael Géminiani became the first French to don the pink jersey.
Luxembourgish Charly Gaul makes a bang when editing the 1956. Far behind the general in the evening of the 18th stage (24th to more than 16 minutes) it goes on the attack in the next stage between Merano and Monte Bondone played in apocalyptic terms. Indeed, after a start in the rain, the snow makes its appearance along with the temperature approaching -10 °C. Over 60 riders will leave, with the pink jersey Pasquale Fornara.[12] Gaul won at the top of the Monte Bondone with more than 8 minutes ahead of the second but will not have the strength to lift his arms. It will be taken to hospital where he retired his jersey still stuck to his skin. This victory allows him to take the pink jersey he held until Milan. The feat accomplished by the Luxembourg during this stage was considered by some as one of the largest in the history of cycling. Jacques Goddet wrote the following day:
Charly Gaul won the victory more comprehensive than the cyclist has achieved in one day ... It is a feat unprecedented in modern cycling. This echoes the character of the mountain stages of prehistoric times. He took it to the celestial cataclysm, but also the class very rare and very special ... the small Luxembourg
In 1957, French Louison Bobet missing becoming the first French to win the Giro, finishing just 19 seconds Gastone Nencini (the latter having benefited from Many strollers tifosi) and have been carrying the pink jersey for 8 stages. However, Raphael Géminiani nicknamed "the big gun" wins his second King of the Mountains Classification. This edition was marked by an anecdote that was fraught with consequences for Charly Gaul. Indeed, from the 18 stage, he was leading with 56 seconds ahead of Nencini and 1 minutes 17 seconds Louison Bobet. After 102 km of racing, Gaul stopped on the roadside to urinate; that moment Louison Bobet, Nencini, and Miguel Poblet attacked. Gaul came in furious thirtieth position with a delay of 10 minutes.
Jacques Anquetil, the first French winner of the GiroThe 1958 Giro was won by Ercole Baldini aka "The engine of Forlì" then at the height of his career, in fact, he was crowned the same year Road World Champion and Italian Road Race Champion. This 41st edition was also the last edition in which Fausto Coppi attend before dying two years later.
Charly Gaul was back, in the 1959 he won for the second time in carrying out the pink jersey-lined green jersey. His victory was especially built in the rise of Col du Petit Saint-Bernard at the penultimate stage between Aosta and Courmayeur that he will win with 10 minutes ahead of its competitors, including the Jacques Anquetil then overall leader.
The Giro finally smiled on the French 1960 with victory in the snatch of the master Jacques Anquetil with only 28 seconds ahead of Gastone Nencini.
Arnaldo Pambianco was the surprise winner of the 1961 Giro d'Italia. With a record almost virgin, he won the Giro in front of Anquetil, Antonio Suárez and Charly Gaul with a breakaway at the 14 in stage difficult climatic conditions. Despite the back of the favorites in the mountains including the rise of Stelvio Pass, it will retain its advantage until the arrival of Milan.
The 1962 edition of the Giro d’Italia won by Franco Balmamion, but was also marked by severe weather conditions. Thus, the fourteenth stage was shortened following a violent storm which prevented the rise of the last two passes and forced the management of the race to try the finish on top of Passo Rolle. This stage was also the scene of the abandonment of 57 riders, which was rare in cycling. However, it was the sixteenth stage was won by Angelino Soler (green jersey that year) that was decisive. Indeed, Balmamion finished second to 1 minute 30 and makes a big recovery in the overall standings which will wear the pink jersey the next day and keep up to Milan.
Balmamion recidivism by winning his second Giro next year thanks to his consistency and talent wheeler. However, it was Vito Taccone, which marks the spirits during this 46th edition by being unstoppable in the mountain stages. He won the green jersey being spent in head 12 of 17 passes for points where the King of the Mountains Classification were distributed. He also won 5 stages including 4 consecutively.
Jacques Anquetil absent last year was back in 1964 where he was untouchable by wearing the pink jersey for 18 stages, winning his second consecutive Giro d‘Italia. He also won the Tour de France the same year.
The 1965 Giro d'Italia was won by Vittorio Adorni during a difficult season for him (he finished second in the Milan-San Remo, theLiège-Bastogne-Liège, and in the Italian National Road Race). He built his victory at the particular time-trial against the 13 stage along the 58 km won it.
The edition of 1966, won by Gianni Motta, was marked by the appearance of Points Classification also won by Gianni Motta, which thus becomes the first to achieve a doubling of its kind. This edition was also marked the third consecutive second place overall in the unfortunate Italo Zilioli that does not win the Giro.
The 1967 Giro d'Italia was the first of the young rider Belgian Eddy Merckx who won the twelfth and fourteenth stages. Gimondi won the nineteenth stage on the top stage of the Tre Cime di Lavaredo before Merckx and Gianni Motta but the stage was canceled because many riders took advantage of repeated supporters pushed up the hill under heavy snowfall. Felice Gimondi that should have taken the pink jersey at the end of this stage threatened to quit but he retraced his stages and won his first of three Giro after an epic duel with Jacques Anquetil on the Passo del Tonale Passo and dell'Aprica.
Classifications
Whereas the overall leader of the Tour de France is awarded a yellow jersey (originally to correspond with L'Auto 's yellow pages), since 1931 the leader of the general classification in the Giro sports the maglia rosa (pink jersey), which corresponds with newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport 's pink newsprint. The leader of the mountains classification wears the maglia verde (green jersey). The leader of the points classification wears the maglia ciclamino (mauve jersey), the best young rider wears the maglia bianca (white jersey).
The maglia rosa from the 88th edition of the race in 2005.Italian Felice Gimondi holds the record for the most podium finishes: nine in total, consisting of three victories, two second places and four third place finishes.
In the 1940s, there also was a black jersey, for the cyclist who was last in the general classification.
General classification
Main article: general classification in the Giro d'ItaliaThe maglia rosa, or pink jersey, is worn each day by the cyclist with the fastest overall time up to that point of the Giro. The rider wearing the jersey may change from day to day, but given the glory and extra exposure for the team, individual and sponsor of the rider who holds the jersey, teams often make extra efforts to keep the jersey on the race leader from day to day. In fact, each team brings several pink jerseys to the race in case one of their riders becomes the leader. The cyclist with the lowest time at the end of the Giro's last stage wins the Giro. This is similar to the Yellow jersey used in the Tour de France.
- 5 wins: Alfredo Binda (1925, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1933), Fausto Coppi (1940, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953), Eddy Merckx (1968, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974)
- 3 wins: Giovanni Brunero (1921, 1922, 1926), Gino Bartali (1936, 1937, 1946), Fiorenzo Magni (1948, 1951, 1955), Felice Gimondi (1967, 1969, 1976), Bernard Hinault (1980, 1982, 1985)
Mountains classification
Main article: Mountains classification in the Giro d'ItaliaDuring mountain stages of the race, points are awarded to the rider who is first to reach the top of each significant climb. Points are also awarded for riders who closely follow the leader up each climb. The number of points awarded varies according to the hill classification, which is determined by the steepness and length of that particular hill. The green jersey is worn by the rider who, at the start of each stage, has the largest amount of climbing points. If a rider holds both the pink and green jerseys, the green jersey is worn by the rider in second place. At the end of the Giro, the rider holding the most climbing points wins the climbing competition. In fact, some riders, particularly those who are neither sprinters nor particularly good at time-trialing, may attempt only to win this particular competition within the race. This is a similar competition to the polka dot jersey award of the Tour de France, except that the Giro uses three categories for mountains while the Tour uses five. In the Giro, there are no Hors Catégorie or fourth-category ratings. Also, the Cima Coppi, the highest point reached in a particular Giro, is worth more points than the race's other first-category climbs.[13] In 2010, this classification was won by Matthew Lloyd.
- 7 wins: Gino Bartali
- 4 wins: José Manuel Fuente
- 3 wins: Claudio Chiappucci, Claudio Bortolotto, Franco Bitossi, Fausto Coppi
Points classification
Main article: Points classification in the Giro d'ItaliaPoints are given to the rider who is first to reach the end of, or determined places during, any stage of the Giro. The jersey is worn by the rider who at the start of each stage, has the largest amount of points. The rider whom at the end of the Giro, holds the most points, wins the points competition. This is a similar competition as the green jersey of the Tour de France, with one key difference. Whereas in the Tour de France flat stages award more points than climbing stages, in the Giro all stages award the same points on the same scale. The stage win awards 25 points, second place is worth 20 points, third 16, fourth 14, fifth 12, sixth 10, and one point less per place down the line, to a single point for fifteenth. The 2010 winner was Cadel Evans.
In addition, stages can have one or more intermediate sprints: 6, 4, and 2 points are awarded to the first three cyclists passing these lines. These points also count toward the TV classification (Traguardo Volante, or "flying sprint"), a separate award.
- 4 wins: Francesco Moser, Giuseppe Saronni
- 3 wins: Mario Cipollini, Roger De Vlaeminck, Johan Van der Velde
Youth Competition
Main article: Young rider classification in the Giro d'ItaliaThe youth competition is a competition within the giro, celebrating young riders. The white jersey is given to the rider under the age of 25 who gets the highest ranking in the general classification. In 2010 it was won by Richie Porte.
Where the Giro has Started and Ended
For nearly half a century, the Giro started and finished by Milan, the city where the headquarters of the Gazzetta dello Sport were located. Though with occasional exceptions, this has been the rule until 1960 that year, the place of departure is changed each time. For some periods (1965, 1966, 1968, 1970, 1973, 1975, 1981–1989) and the place of arrival has changed, but the 1990 was added to restore the traditional Milan, with a circuit to be repeated several times that serves as the final parade.
In 2009, to commemorate the centennial of the event, the arrival took place in Rome. The capital had already been place in the final round of the 1911 and 1950. The 2010 edition ended in Verona, as happened in editions 1981 and 1984.
The tour takes place mainly in Italy, but often are included departure or conclusion of stage abroad, especially in countries bordering or close like San Marino, France, Principality of Monaco, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia. Some stages were held in Netherlands, Belgium, Germany (2002 and 2006) and Greece (1996).
The future
The 2011 Giro will start in Turin on May 9 with a 22 km team time trial and end in Milan on May 29 with an individual time trial[14]]. Giro organizers have negotiated with officials in Washington, D.C., to host the start of the 2012 Giro.[15]
List of overall winners
Victories per country
| Rank | Country | Victories |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Italy | 66 |
| 2 | Belgium | 7 |
| 3 | France | 6 |
| 4 | Switzerland | 3 |
| Spain | 3 | |
| Russia | 3 | |
| 7 | Luxembourg | 2 |
| 8 | Ireland | 1 |
| United States | 1 | |
| Sweden | 1 |
Giro d'Italia stage victories
| Rank | Name | Country | Wins[18] |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mario Cipollini | Italy | 42 |
| 2 | Alfredo Binda | Italy | 41 |
| 3 | Learco Guerra | Italy | 31 |
| 4 | Costante Girardengo | Italy | 30 |
| 5 | Eddy Merckx | Belgium | 25 |
| 6 | Alessandro Petacchi | Italy | 24 |
| Giuseppe Saronni | Italy | 24 | |
| 8 | Francesco Moser | Italy | 23 |
| 9 | Fausto Coppi | Italy | 22 |
| Roger De Vlaeminck | Belgium | 22 | |
| 11 | Franco Bitossi | Italy | 21 |
| 12 | Giuseppe Olmo | Italy | 20 |
| Miguel Poblet | Spain | 20 | |
| 14 | Gino Bartali | Italy | 17 |
| 15 | Guido Bontempi | Italy | 16 |
| 16 | Marino Basso | Italy | 15 |
| Raffaele Di Paco | Italy | 15 | |
| Urs Freuler | Switzerland | 15 | |
| Rik Van Steenbergen | Belgium | 15 | |
| 20 | Moreno Argentin | Italy | 13 |
| 21 | Rik Van Looy | Belgium | 12 |
| Robbie McEwen | Australia | 12 | |
| 23 | Charly Gaul | Luxembourg | 11 |
| Michele Dancelli | Italy | 11 | |
| Vittorio Adorni | Italy | 11 |
Records
- Most Giro d'Italia victories: 5 by Alfredo Binda, Fausto Coppi, and Eddy Merckx
- Most days in the maglia rosa: 76 by Eddy Merckx
- Most stage victories in one Giro d'Italia: 12 by Alfredo Binda in 1927
- Most consecutive stage victories: 8 by Alfredo Binda in the 1929 Giro d'Italia
- Smallest margin of victory: Fiorenzo Magni wins by 11 seconds over Ezio Cecchi in 1948
- Longest Giro d'Italia: 4,337 km in 1954
- Shortest Giro d'Italia: 2,245 km in 1909
- Most Competitors in one Giro d'Italia: 298 riders in 1928
- Least Competitors in one Giro d'Italia: 56 riders in 1912
- Fewest Finishers in one Giro d'Italia: 8 people finished in 1914
- Longest Breakaway: 222 km by Antonio Menendez in 1976
- Youngest Rider to win the Giro d'Italia: Fausto Coppi in 1940 he was 20 years, 8 months and 25 days old
- Oldest Rider to win the Giro d'Italia: Fiorenzo Magni in 1955 he was 35 years old
- Shortest Stage: 1.15 km in 2005
- Most times on the podium: Felice Gimondi 3 wins, 2-time second placed; 4-time third placed[19]
See also
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References
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedHistorique_Giro; see Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text - ^ http://ouestfrance.cd-script.fr/opdf/1934/05/26/85/1934-05-26_85_07.pdf
- ^ http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/article/Le_Giro_a_100_ans/11018987
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedLe_Giro_ans; see Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text - ^ http://www.cyclismactu.net/news-divers_il_y_a_50_ans__fausto_coppi_nous_quittait-4255.html
- ^ http://www.sportvox.fr/article.php3?id_article=24691
- ^ http:// www.servinghistory.com/topics/1948_Giro_d 27Italia%
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named50_years_ago.2C_Fausto_Coppi_we_left; see Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text - ^ http://www.lequipemag.fr/EquipeMag/Top5/top-5-des-etrangers-vainqueurs-du-giro-20090511_105634.html
- ^ http://www.museociclismo.it/content/ciclisti/ciclista.php?type=team&da=3&tot=6&strparam=NTE2Mg==
- ^ http://www.cyclismactu .net/news-legende_le_tour_det_8217_italie___la_grande_fete_en_rose-5912.html
- ^ http://www.sportvox.fr / article.php3? id_article
- ^ Laura Weislo (2008-05-13). "Giro d'Italia classifications demystified". Cycling News. http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2008/giro08/?id=/features/2008/giro_classifications08. Retrieved 2009-08-27.
- ^ "VeloNews.com - Martinez, Leboucher take World Cup wins in Switzerland". Velonews.competitor.com. 2001-08-05. http://velonews.competitor.com/?p=1326. Retrieved 2010-08-03.
- ^ "VeloNews.com - Giro's toughest stage? Getting to DC in 2012". Velonews.competitor.com. 2010-05-24. http://velonews.competitor.com/?p=118365. Retrieved 2010-08-03.
- ^ The 1912 Giro was run as a team competition.
- ^ Luigi Ganna, also member of Team Atala, retired during the fifth stage.
- ^ "87th Giro d'Italia: a bit of History". dailypeloton.com. http://www.dailypeloton.com/displayarticle.asp?pk=5226. Retrieved 2007-10-29.
- ^ "www.cyclingnews.com presents the 92nd Giro d'Italia". Autobus.cyclingnews.com. http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2009/giro09/?id=/features/2009/giro09_50facts. Retrieved 2010-08-03.
External links
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Categories: Giro d'Italia | Cycle races in Italy | Road bicycle racing | UCI World Ranking | Former UCI ProTour races | Recurring sporting events established in 1909
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