Environ. Health Perspect. Information
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Perfluorooctanesulfonic acidPerfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), or perfluorooctane sulfonate, is a man-made fluorosurfactant and global pollutant. It was added to Annex B of the Stockholm ...
Phthalate
Phthalates, or phthalate esters, are esters of phthalic acid and are mainly used as plasticizers (substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency ...
Perfluorooctanesulfonamide
Perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA) is a synthetic organofluorine compound. It is a fluorocarbon derivative, or perfluorinated compound, with eight carbons and a terminal ...
Endocrine disruptor
Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that interfere with endocrine (or hormone system) in animals, including humans. These disruptions can cause cancerous tumors, birth ...
Perfluorooctanoic acid
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), also known as C8 and perfluorooctanoate, is a synthetic, stable perfluorinated carboxylic acid and fluorosurfactant.
Pfiesteria
Pfiesteria is a genus of heterotrophic dinoflagellates that has been associated with harmful algal blooms and fish kills. Pfiesteria complex organisms (PCOs) were claimed to ...
Perfluorononanoic acid
Perfluorononanoic acid, or PFNA, is a synthetic perfluorinated carboxylic acid and fluorosurfactant that is also an environmental contaminant found in people and wildlife ...
AS3MT
Arsenite methyltransferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AS3MT gene. References ^
DDT
DDT (from its trivial name, d ichloro d iphenyl t richloroethane) is one of the most well-known synthetic pesticides. It is a chemical with a long, unique, and controversial ...
Animal sentinels
There is increasing recognition that wild, domestic, and companion animals may act as "sentinels" for environmental health hazards by providing early warning of human ...
Flame retardant
Flame retardants are chemicals used in thermoplastics, thermosets, textiles and coatings that inhibit or resist the spread of fire. These can be separated into several ...
Toxicogenomics
Toxicogenomics is a field of science that deals with the collection, interpretation, and storage of information about gene and protein activity within particular cell or ...
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity
Idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) or electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS), also referred to as electrohypersensitivity, ...
Environmental impact of wind power
Compared to the environmental impact of traditional energy sources, the environmental impact of wind power is relatively minor. Wind power consumes no fuel, and emits ...
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD s), or simply dioxins, are a group of organic polyhalogenated compounds that are significant because they act as environmental pollutants.
Health effects of pesticides
Health effects of pesticides may be acute or delayed in those who are exposed. A 2007 systematic review found that "most studies on non-Hodgkin lymphoma and leukemia showed ...
Fluorosurfactant
Fluorosurfactants, or fluorinated surfactants, are synthetic organofluorine chemical compounds that have multiple fluorine atoms. They can be polyfluorinated or fluorocarbon ...
Health effects from noise
Noise health effects are the health consequences of elevated sound levels. Elevated workplace or other noise can cause hearing impairment, hypertension, ischemic ...
Biomonitoring
In analytical chemistry, biomonitoring is the measurement of the body burden of toxic chemical compounds, elements, or their metabolites, in biological substances.
Multiple chemical sensitivity
Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a chronic medical condition characterized by symptoms the affected person attributes to exposure to low levels of chemicals.
Blood lead level
Blood lead level (BLL), is a measure of lead in the body. It is measured in micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood (g/dL); 10 g/dL is equivalent to 0.48 micromoles ...
David A. Savitz
David A. Savitz, Ph.D., is Professor of Community Health in the Epidemiology Section of the Program in Public Health, and Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, at ...
Gulf War syndrome
Gulf War syndrome (GWS) or Gulf War illness (GWI) affects veterans and civilians who were near conflicts during or downwind of a chemical weapons depot demolition, after the ...
Biomarkers of exposure assessment
Biomarkers are very useful in the world of exposure assessment when dealing with direct measurement methods. The use of biomarkers in exposure studies is also referred to ...
Triclosan
Triclosan is an antibacterial and antifungal agent. It is a polychloro phenoxy phenol. Despite being used in many consumer products, beyond its use in toothpaste to ...
Copper in health
Copper is an essential trace element that is vital to the health of all living things (humans, plants, animals, and microorganisms). In humans, copper is essential to ...
Terephthalate 1,2-cis-dihydrodiol dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a terephthalate 1,2-cis-dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.61) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. cis-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-1(6),2-diene-1,4 ...
Genotoxicity
In genetics genotoxicity describes a deleterious action on a cell's genetic material affecting its integrity. Genotoxic substances are known to be potentially mutagenic or ...
Nanotoxicology
Nanotoxicology is the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials. Because of quantum size effects and large surface area to volume ratio, nanomaterials have unique ...
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (in short but inaccurately also called dioxin). It is the most potent compound of the ...
Endosulfan
Endosulfan is an off-patent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is being phased out globally. Endosulfan became a highly controversial agrichemical due to ...
Bernardino Ramazzini
Bernardino Ramazzini (3 November 1633 5 November 1714) was an Italian physician. Ramazzini was an early proponent of the use of cinchona bark (from which quinine ...
Health and intelligence
Health and intelligence research investigates the impact of health on intelligence and vice versa. This is one of the most important factors in understanding the origins of ...
Estrogen
Estrogens, oestrogens, or strogens, are a group of compounds named for their importance in the estrous cycle of humans and other animals. They are the primary ...
Reassortment
Reassortment is the mixing of the genetic material of a species into new combinations in different individuals. Several different processes contribute to reassortment ...
MT1X
Metallothionein 1X, also known as MT1X, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the gene. See also. Metallothionein; References ^
Fluoride induced nephrotoxicity
Fluoride induced nephrotoxicity is kidney injury due to toxic levels of serum fluoride, commonly due to metabolism of fluoride-containing drugs, such as methoxyflurane ...
Indoor air pollution in developing nations
Indoor air pollution in developing nations is a significant form of indoor air pollution (IAP) that is little known to those in the developed world.
Kohl (cosmetics)
Kohl is an ancient eye cosmetic. It was made by grinding galena (lead sulfide) and other ingredients. It is widely used in India, Middle East, North Africa, the Horn ...
Polychlorinated biphenyl
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB s; CAS number 1336-36-3) are a class of organic compounds with 2 to 10 chlorine atoms attached to biphenyl, which is a molecule composed of two ...
Herbicide
An herbicide, commonly known as a weedkiller, is a type of pesticide used to kill unwanted plants Selective herbicides kill specific targets while leaving the desired ...
Health effects of radon
Radon is a radioactive, colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas, occurring naturally as the decay product of radium. It is one of the densest substances that remains ...
Dental caries
Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or a cavity, is a disease where bacterial processes change carbohydrate like sugar in food left on teeth to acid that demineralises ...
Platinum nanoparticles
Platinum nanoparticles are usually in the form of a suspension or colloid of sub-micrometre-sized particles of platinum in a fluid, usually water.
Organophosphate poisoning
Many organophosphates are potent nerve agents, functioning by inhibiting the action of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in nerve cells. They are one of the most common ...
Water fluoridation controversy
The water fluoridation controversy arises from moral, ethical, and safety concerns regarding the fluoridation of public water supplies. The controversy occurs mainly ...
Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), colloquially referred to as black lung disease, is caused by long exposure to coal dust. It is a common affliction of coal miners and ...
Chloramine
Chloramines are derivatives of ammonia by substitution of one, two or three hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms. Monochloramine is an inorganic compound with the ...
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLC) are by-products of various industrial processes, and are commonly regarded as highly toxic compounds that are environmental pollutants ...
Carrageenan
Carrageenans or carrageenins are a family of linear sulfated polysaccharides that are extracted from red seaweeds. There are several varieties of carrageen used in ...